HELLO FRIENDS ,
TODAY WE ARE GOING TO TELL YOU ABOUT 1st year B.A B.Sc,B.com……………………………
Some important Notes in all foundation classes for B.A.,B.Sc.,B.Com
1.Where the Mind is Without Fear
– Rabindra Nath Tagore
Q.1.What is meant by the expression, ‘Knowledge is free’ in the poem ‘where the mind is without fear’?
Ans. The expression “Knowledge is free” means knowledge is not subject to any sort of bondage.
Q.2. Why does Rabindra Nath Tagore Compare reason with stream in ‘where the mind is without fear’?
Ans. As the stream is crystal clear and ever flowing towards its destination, so also reason is a true source of knowledge.
Q.3. what are the two qualities of mind presented in the poem?
Ans. The poem has presented two qualities of the mind. The mind leads forward INTO THROUGHTS AND ACTIONS.
Q.4.What is meant by the expression knowledge is free?
Ans. It means that everyone can get knowledge without any discrimination.
Q.5.To whom is the poem addressed?
Ans. The poet has addressed to God in this poem.
Q.6. what narrow domestic walls are referred to by the poet.?
Ans. Caste, Colours and creed are the domestic walls. Language and provincialism are the also akin to them. The poet has referred to the above mentioned hurdles.
2.The HERO
– R.K.Narayan
Q.1. Who drew Swami’s attention to a report in the newspaper?
Ans. Swami’s father drew his attention to a report in the newspaper.
Q.2.Swami’s father was reading the newspaper. What was the report about it?
Ans. The report was about a brave boy who fought against a tiger and climbed a tree unhurt.
Q.3. Which place in the room did Swami think it was safe compact and reassuring?
Ans. Swami spread his bed under a bench which he thought to be the safest place for him.
Q.4. Who cried Alyo! Something has bitten me?
Ans. The burglar cried whem Swami bit him accidently.
Q.5. where had swami always slept?
Ans. Swami had always slept with his grandmother.
Q.6. What has been given in the news report? Who is reading it?
Ans. One day Swami’s father was reading a newspaper. He read a story of a brave country boy in it .the story was about a brave boy who fought against a tiger and climbed a tree unhurt.
Q.7.Why were congratulations showered on Swami?
Ans. A House breaker was caught by Swami unknowingly and family arrested the house breaker and sent him to police. all praised swami for his courage and so they congratulated him.
Q.8.What happened with Swami the next morning?
Ans. All Praised Swami for his courage and so they congratulated him. The police also praised swami for his brave deed and advised him to get admission in the police later on .thus a fearful boy turned into a hero by doing that act which he did accidently . he was also praised by his head master who told that swami was a true scout .next day when his father came home he found swami sleeping as usual with his grandmother .now his father left him where he was.
3.Tryst with Destiny
– Jawaharlal Nehru
Q.1. what does the writer mean by historic movement in ‘Tryst with Destiny ‘?
Ans. According to the writer, ‘Historic moment ‘means the first Independence day of India August 15th ,1947.
Q.2. what does ‘service of India ‘imply in the lesson ‘Tryst with Destiny ‘?
Ans. The service of India means the service of millions who suffering humanity.
Q.3. Like peace which three things are indivisible?
Ans. Apart from peace, freedom, prosperity and disaster are individable.
Q.4. what kinds of problems India has been facing ?
Ans. India has been facing the problems of poverty, unemployment, ignorance and illiteracy.
Q.5.who ma await us.de a tryst with destiny?
Ans. The people of India made a tryst with destiny.
Q.6. What pledge shall free Indians take?
Ans. The free Indians should take the pledge of dedications to serve the India and her people.
Q.7.What opportunity have Indians been given?
Ans. Indian have been given the opportunity to take a step towards the greater triumphs and the achievements that await us.
Q.8.what factors bring about responsibility?
Ans. Freedom and power bring the sense of responsibility in us.
Q.9.What does service of India imply?
Ans. Service of India means the service of suffering humanity.
4.INDIAN WEAVERS
-Sarojini Naidu
Q.1.What is the significance of the white colour of a shroud?
Ans. White colour significance peace. Solemn and mourn.That is why shroud is white in colour.
Q.2. Why are the weaver s described as ‘solemn’ and still’ in the third stanza?
Ans. The weavers are solemn and still in the third stanza because they are weaving a thin white cloth to cover a dead body.
Q.3.write the central idea of poem ‘Indian Weavers’.
Ans. We cannot think of life without clothes. They are responsible for our personality and our image in society. we wear clothes of different fabrics in different seasons ; soft cotton in summer , thick warm wollens in winters and silk on special occasions. Yet we do not ever think about those people who weave the fabrics for us.this poem is a tribute to all weavers who produce fabric for different occasions.
The poem describe the different stage of human life birth, marriage and death. In another way it tells about the life cycle of a human being means childhood , youth and old age .The poetress asks three questions to weavers and their answer RELATED TO LIFE.
Q.4.write a short notes on Sarojini Naidu as a poetess.
Ans. Sarojini Naidu was a child prodigy, a freedom fighter, and a poet. Naidu was the first Indian woman to become the president of the Indian National Congress. the first woman to become the Governor . She was famously known as Bhartiya Kokila or The Nightingale of India. She was born on 13th February 1879 and death on 2nd March 1949.
She was very active in the Indian Independence Movement and encouraged women to participated in political life.
5.The Portrait of a Lady
– Khushwant Singh
Q.1. When And Where Kushwant Singh was Born?
Ans. He was born on 2nd February 1915 at Hadley in British India which is now a part of Punjab in Pakistan.
Q.2.Three reasons why the author’s grandmother was disturbed when he started going to the city school.
Ans. Grand mother could no longer accompany the author to his school as she used to in the village. Now the author went in a motor bus.
She did not liked the things the author was taught at school. She thought that children should be taught about God and scriptures. But there was no such thing in the English school where the author studied.
The biggest shock came to her when. She learnt that the author was learning music at school .for her music was not meant for gentle people. Now she rarely talked to the author.
Q.3. Three ways in which the author’s grandmother spent her days after he grew up.
Ans. She spent most of her time at the spinning wheel .She recited scriptures. In the afternoon, she fed the sparrows.
Q.4. The Ways in which the sparrows expressed their sorrow when the author’s grandmother died.
Ans. Thousands of sparrows came to the place where Grandmother lay dead .They were all very quiet. They didn’t chrip at all. The author’s mother threw some crumbs to them .The sparrows took no notice of them. They flew away quietly when the dead body was carried away.
6.The Solitary Reaper
– William Wordsworth
Q .1. write a note on ‘Wordsworth as a poet of nature’.
Ans. Wordsworth is regarded as the poet of nature because he had an ardent faith in nature and its healing power. He was a great poet of the country side .He has described natured in its both aspect .its spiritual as well as physical effect and its power of fascination. Poets before him have expressed nature and appreciated beauties of nature. but they did so only in its outer aspects of beauty and loveliness but none of them could see a soul in nature and none of them took any lesson of morality and wisdom and a philosopher.
Wordsworth was not concerned with the sensuous beauty of nature like keats.
Q.2.What were the poet’s first thoughts when he saw the Solitary Reaper? Or
Explain the analogy between the reapers song and the song of the nightingale and the cuckoo.
Ans. The poet has compared the sweet and melodious voice of the highland lass with that of nightingales and the cuckoos. he says that he found the songs more enrapturing than that of the song by the nightingales on the shady haunts for the Arabian travelers . the poet was very much captivated by he sweetness of the song and he found the music of the highland lass surpassing the music produced by he birds nightingales and cuckoos.
Q. Expansion of an idea.
1.A Friend in need is a friend Indeed
A friend who helps his friends in times of difficulties is in facts a true friend .we must be very careful in making friends. A true friend never cheats his friend in the time of difficulty but a selfish friend deserts him as soon as he becomes poor and falls on evils days. A true friend gives not only good advice but sacrifices also all that he has for us in this way a very real friend is the most valuable possession of a man , so it is rightly said that a friend in need is a friend indeed. 2. All that Glitter is not Gold
It is a famous saying of Shakespeare. It tells us that things are not generally what they seems to be. A polished piece of brass looks like gold but actually it is not gold. So is the case with men in life we meet many men who pretend to be noble and honest. they in fact are the scroundels of first order. Many selfish persons struck to us for their own selfish interests to be our friends. We should always be beware of such rogues and villains. The same is true of things and articles. They may look beautiful but they may not be useful .we should be careful in responsing whether men and things are actually what they seems to be .
3.Importance of English in India
English is a very popular language. In India it has played a very important role in the middle of 19th and in the 20th century to unite Indians for achieving the goal of freedom .in india, English is a second language. It is also a link language. It is a language which has become necessary for official, social, commercial and educational activities in the country because india is a multilingual country. Hindi the national language is also important for our country. Now language is more widely studied or used as a foreign language than English. It is an international language for all purposes. It is also a language used in science and technology. it is one of the leading language of the united nations. India is a developing country and it needs international relationship. From this point of view English is very important for india. Gandhiji has also advocated its use in foreign affairs and commercial enterprises.
4.work is worship
Work means duty allotted to a person in his life . he should take real interest In his work. No work is low or mean, if it is done for the good of the society and does not harm anybody interest. Work is done for getting money or wages. Money is indispensable in man’s life. Life becomes interesting and worth living if a man has means to live on. These means are got in exchange of money and money is earned by doing work mental or physical. Desire to acquire means or money without doing work is not and cannot be acknowledge by the society and does not place a man in a respectable position .hence work is a thing which should be kept clean and pious and free from any blemish it is to be treated like worship of a God by a man when he frees his mind from all vices and ill will work first money second is the right and just approach to life . people living life in this manner are supposed to be a good men.
5.HONESTY IS THE BEST POLICY
THE proverb ‘honesty is the best policy states the eternal ideals of a life . a dishonest man may seem to prosper for the time being and its possible that his dishonesty may remain undetected and unpunished but ultimately it is bound to be found out then punishment and disgrace will follow we should bound to be rewarded we should be honest because honesty is a virtue that we should follow it as an ideal of life or a time tested policy honesty in word and deed is one of those moral laws that are written on the table of eternity we must hate the idea of making honesty as a business proposition honesty is the best policy when it is instantly born from within if we are honest to ourselves and try to hear the voice of conscience we would always be honest to other